Coevolution to the Edge of Chaos (Kaufmann & Johnsen, 1992)
Lattice NKCS Model:
- Each species = cell
- S = 2, 3 or 4 for corners, edges, interior cells, respectively.
- N = 24; C = 1
- Task: Investigate effects of different K values: 0 - 22
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Lattice Dynamics
- Frozen: Nash Equilibrium: All cells attain local optimum and stay there
- Gas: Chaos: Most cells are constantly changing state due to an inability to find a stable local optimum; no discernible global patterns.
- Liquid: The Edge of Chaos: Some regions are frozen, others cycle through a set of states, others are gaseous.
Result: If a species’ K were under evolutionary control, then it would evolve to a value that yielded liquid lattice dynamics (i.e. The edge of chaos).