Case Based Reasoning is a problem solving paradigm which utilizes the specific knowledge of previously experiences, concrete problem situations (cases). A new problem is solved by finding a similar past case, and reusing its solution in the new problem situation. CBR is a cyclic and integrated process of solving a problem and learning from this experience.An overview of the technology is given in [22].
A case is an abstraction of an event, limited in time and space. It can either be a previous encountered and solved problem, or a typical way of solving a problem. The differences in notation will be evident from the different methods of CBR, outlined in the next subsection.
Althof, Auriol et al. [6] see a case as consisting of:
Where the justification is an explicit representation of the problem solving process. It can refer to other cases, textual explanation or to general rules. Cases can be described in a variety of languages, and be represented as flat data tables or with a structure such as a tree. The cases can be positive or negative experiences.